What is temporary protection?
Temporary protection is an exceptional European Union measure designed to provide immediate and temporary protection to persons fleeing the conflict in Ukraine. This gives you certain rights, including a residence permit, access to the labour market, healthcare and access to education for your children. Registering for temporary protection is a simple and quick procedure.
You can register for temporary protection in Romania at any of the immigration offices of the General Inspectorate for Immigration. The list is available here whereas more information on temporary protection is available in UKR/ENG/ROM here.
Who can benefit from temporary protection in Romania?
In Romania, the following categories of persons are eligible for temporary protection:
- Ukrainian citizens who resided in Ukraine before 24.02.2022, regardless of the time of leaving the territory of Ukraine, and their family members;
- stateless persons and nationals of third countries other than Ukraine who were beneficiaries in Ukraine before 24.02.2022 of a form of international protection or an equivalent national form of protection, and their family members;
- stateless persons and nationals of third countries other than Ukraine who can prove that they are legally resident in Ukraine on the basis of a valid permanent residence permit and who are unable to return to their country or region of origin in safe and stable conditions.
Family members are, regardless of their nationality:
- Spouse (legally married)
- Unmarried minor children born in or out of wedlock or adopted
- Other close relatives who were living together as part of the family at the time of the events leading to the mass influx of displaced persons and who were at that time wholly or mainly dependent on the person enjoying temporary protection.
- Other close relatives who were living together as part of the family when the events leading to the massive influx of displaced persons occurred and on whom the person enjoying temporary protection was at that time wholly or mainly dependent and who cannot return, in safe and stable conditions, to their country or region of origin. In this situation, kinship in direct line up to the second degree (parents, grandparents, children, grandchildren) is taken into account, respectively kinship in the collateral line up to the third degree (brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, nephews of brothers).
Each Member State of the European Union may decide to include other categories of persons eligible for temporary protection in that State. For example, in Romania, Ukrainian citizens, stateless persons and nationals of third countries other than Ukraine may benefit from temporary protection, even if they left Ukraine before 24 February 2022, if they benefited from a form of international protection or an equivalent national form of protection in Ukraine before 24 February 2022.
You should always check whether the category of persons you belong to is eligible for temporary protection in the country you are in or wish to travel to.
How is temporary protection granted in Romania?
You can register as a beneficiary of temporary protection in Romania at any of the immigration structures of the General Inspectorate for Immigration (Immigration Directorate/Services/Bureaux or Regional Centre for Procedures and Accommodation for Asylum Seekers). You can find the list here.
Stateless persons and nationals of third countries other than Ukraine who can prove legal residence in Ukraine on the basis of a valid permanent residence permit issued in accordance with Ukrainian legislation and who are unable to return to their country or region of origin in safe and sustainable conditions can only register with the Immigration Directorate/services/bureaux.
Is there a deadline by which I can register as a beneficiary of temporary protection?
Ukrainian citizens with a valid Ukrainian biometric passport and citizens of other third countries who are exempt from the requirement to hold a visa to enter the European Union, can stay up to 90 days without visa, or for the period of the visa in case of one, even if you do not register as a beneficiary of temporary protection. If you enter Romania with expired or non-biometric travel documents, or non-Ukrainian documents, you would be required to register for temporary protection in order to receive the temporary protection residence permit.
What are the steps to register as a beneficiary of temporary protection in Romania?
When you present yourself to the authorities, you will go through the following steps:
- you sign a consent to the processing of your personal data;
- photocopies of the personal documents submitted will be made;
- your personal documents are checked;
- you are photographed;
- you are registered with the following data: name and surname, date of birth, nationality, sex, identity, civil status, family situation, family ties, address in Romania (proven or declared);
- you receive a residence permit for Romania with a personal identification number (CNP).
Following a legislative change in May 2024, the temporary protection permit now contains the beneficiary’s address, either in form of a full address (including county, city, street name, street number, apartment number) when proof of the address was submitted or in form of an incomplete, short address (including only county and city or a reference to Bucharest and the sector in Bucharest) when an address was only declared and no proof of that address submitted. More information about this can be found here.
What documents do I need to present when registering?
The relevant documents for registration as a beneficiary of temporary protection are, where applicable, the following:
- identity documents (identity card, driving licence, travel document or any other authentic photo document);
- documents proving the person’s status in Ukraine (e.g. permanent residence permit, document issued to beneficiaries of international protection, etc.);
- зroperty title, rental contract registered with the tax administration, contract of commodatum (free use) concluded in notarized form, a written statement by the manager of a collective center or
,other documents proving the acquisition of a housing right, in accordance with Romanian law (if available, in order to obtain a temporary protection permit with a full/complete address). More information about this can be found here.
Please be advised that if no such document is available, you can still obtain a temporary protection permit by declaring your address, which gives you access to the same rights as the permit that has a full address!
How to register a minor who is not accompanied by parents as a beneficiary of temporary protection?
Anyone under the age of 18 is considered a child/minor. Unaccompanied minor is a minor who has arrived on the territory of Romania unaccompanied by any of his/her parents or by another legal representative who can prove with official documents that the minor has been entrusted to his/her care in accordance with the law. If the minor arrived in Romania with adult relatives (e.g. grandparents, aunt, uncle, etc.) who cannot prove with official documents that the minor has been entrusted to them in accordance with the law, the minor will be considered unaccompanied.
Unaccompanied minors are entitled to special protection from the Romanian state, including the right to a legal representative appointed by the General Directorate for Social Assistance and Child Protection.
The General Inspectorate for Immigration can only register an unaccompanied minor in the presence of a legal representative. The General Inspectorate for Immigration requests the General Directorate for Social Assistance and Child Protection to appoint a legal representative, if one has not already been appointed. For this purpose, the General Inspectorate for Immigration collects the personal data and contact details of the minor and forwards them to the General Directorate for Social Assistance and Child Protection.
The unaccompanied minor will be registered as a beneficiary of temporary protection only after appointment and in the presence of the legal representative, who will sign all the documents drawn up.
What document do I receive as a beneficiary of temporary protection?
The General Inspectorate for Immigration issues beneficiaries of temporary protection with a residence permit on Romanian territory and assigns a personal numerical code (CNP). The residence permit and the personal numerical code can be used in interaction with the Romanian authorities in order to benefit from the specific rights of temporary protection holders.
What rights do I have as a beneficiary of temporary protection?
You will have the following rights as a beneficiary of temporary protection in Romania:
- to be issued with a document granting you permission to stay on Romanian territory (residence permit);
- to be informed, in writing, in a language you are presumed to understand, of the provisions relating to temporary protection;
- to be employed by natural or legal persons, to carry out self-employed activities, respecting the rules applicable to the profession, as well as activities such as educational opportunities for adults, vocational training and practical work experience, in accordance with the law;
- to receive, on request, the necessary maintenance assistance if you do not have the necessary material means;
- to receive free of charge primary health care and appropriate treatment, emergency hospital care, medical care and treatment in cases of acute or chronic illnesses which are imminently life-threatening;
- to receive appropriate medical assistance if you have special needs;
- to have access to the state education system under the conditions provided by law for Romanian citizens, if you have not reached the age of 18;
- access to the social protection scheme available for Romanian citizens.
Access to health, work, education and care is provided by various central and local authorities. You can use your residence permit and personal identification number (CNP) issued by the General Inspectorate for Immigration to interact with the Romanian authorities.
You can find useful information on accessing rights on the official government platform here.
How long does temporary protection last?
Temporary protection lasts until 4 March 2026. Already issued permits remain valid for this period, without the need for a request in this regard.
Temporary protection may be terminated before the above deadlines, under conditions laid down by law, when decided by a decision of the Council of the European Union. For certain facts, which exceed a certain level of seriousness, the General Inspectorate for Immigration can decide to exclude from the granting of temporary protection.
Please note that is in line with the latest FAQ published on the issue by the GII where the GII explains: “Permits issued to beneficiaries of temporary protection in Romania are valid for the entire period of application of the EU Decision, so they will be extended automatically, without the need for a request in this regard.”
Can I go back to my home country?
You can return to your home country at any time.
Can I return to Romania if I have temporarily returned to Ukraine, for example to visit my family?
Yes, you can return to Romania as long as the period of temporary protection has not expired and you meet the entry conditions. On your return to Romania you will continue to benefit from temporary protection until the period for which you were granted it expires.
Can I travel to other EU Member States if I am registered as a beneficiary of temporary protection in Romania?
After registering as a beneficiary of temporary protection and receiving a residence permit in Romania, you have the right to travel freely to other EU countries for 90 days within a 180-day period, if you meet the travel requirements.
Please note that Romania is part of the Schengen Area (area without internal EU border controls) and is applying strict controls at its external (non-Schengen) borders upon entry. When travelling from Romania to another Schengen state there will be no travel documents check, but you do need to have your valid travel documents (biometric passport with or without visa, depending on entry requirements) with you when travelling. Before you travel, we recommend you always check the website of the Embassy or Consulate of the country you wish to travel to or call and inquire about the entry requirements and necessary documents.
Also note that the residence permit issued by the General Inspectorate for Immigration to beneficiaries of temporary protection in Romania is not a travel document and does not take the place of a passport.
Can forcibly displaced persons from Ukraine registered for temporary protection in Romania access the same rights in other EU Member States?
No, forcibly displaced persons from Ukraine registered for temporary protection in Romania cannot automatically access the same rights in other EU Member States. To benefit from temporary protection in another Member State, they must register for temporary protection in that specific country. Registration in one Member State does not transfer or extend rights to other EU countries. For long-term stays or access to social benefits in another Member State, they must follow the registration process and requirements of that respective country.
How can I renounce temporary protection in Romania?
You cannot decline temporary protection or cancel the temporary protection permit, but you can renounce to your rights associated with having been granted temporary protection in Romania. To do this, you will have to go to the General Inspectorate for Immigration, at their designated offices and complete a request. This request can also be sent through Romania’s Embassies/Consulates abroad.
I benefitted from temporary protection in Romania in the past and then , I had had renounced to my rights under it because I moved to another country and acquired temporary protection there. Now I want to return to Romania. Can I reinstate my rights as a beneficiary of temporary protection in Romania?
Yes, you can renew your temporary protection in Romania, as long as you fulfil the eligibility conditions. Approach the GII offices to request the reinstatement of your rights.