Information on Marburg virus disease (MVD) 

Marburg- Overview  

On 27 September 2024, the Rwanda Ministry of Health announced the confirmation of Marburg virus disease (MVD). Marburg virus is a highly infectious and deadly virus that causes Marburg virus disease (MVD), a type of viral hemorrhagic fever. There is currently no available treatment or vaccine for MVD. This is why it is important for people showing Marburg-like symptoms to seek care early for supportive treatment which can improve patient survival. 

Transmission 

  • Human to-human transmission via direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials (e.g. bedding, clothing) contaminated with these fluids. 
  • Burial ceremonies that involve direct contact with the body of the deceased can also contribute in the transmission of Marburg. 

Symptoms  

The below listed symptoms of Marburg can appear as early as 2 days or as late as 21 days after exposure: 

  • High fever,  
  • Severe headache and severe malaise.  
  • Muscle aches and pains 
  • Nausea,
  • Vomiting, and; 
  • Diarrhea. 

Hygiene and Prevention Measures 

  • Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand sanitizer, especially after coming into contact with people or animals in areas where the virus is known to be present.  
  • Wash your hands before and after the burial, and before and after eating and after touching any surfaces in the area where the burial took place;
  • Avoid contact with blood or bodily fluids of infected individuals: 
  • Funeral services where the cause of death was determined to the Marburg will follow the Guidelines of the Ministry of Health; 
  • Avoid wakes and home vigils (Ikiriyo) to prevent the spread of the virus
  • Follow the health advisories and guidelines of the Ministry of Health on prevention and management of the virus, as well as guidelines by the Ministry of Education for Students. 

Anyone experiencing symptoms should contact 114 as indicated by national health authorities. The Government will provide you with instruction. Do not go to any clinic or hospital to avoid the potential spread of the virus.  

For urban refugees in need of medical assistance but not yet enrolled in CBHI (Community-Based Health Insurance), please call the following protection number: 0788383608 to receive assistance. For those who wish to receive daily updates on the Marburg outbreak, you can access the following link https://rbc.gov.rw/marburg-virus-updates/